Anode-metal drop formation and detachment mechanisms in liquid metal batteries

Metal pad instabilities in liquid metal batteries.

A mechanical analogy is used to analyze the interaction between the magnetic field, electric current, and deformation of interfaces in liquid metal batteries. In the framework of a low-mode, nondissipative, linear stability model, it is found that, during charging or discharging, a sufficiently large battery is prone to instabilities of two types. One is similar to the metal pad instability kno...

Tayler instability in liquid metal columns and liquid metal batteries

In this paper we investigate the Tayler instability in an incompressible, viscous and resistive liquid metal column and in a model of a liquid metal battery (LMB). Detailed comparisons between theory and numerics, both in linear and nonlinear regimes, are performed. We identify the timescale that is well adapted to the quasi-static (QS) regime and find the range of Hartmann numbers where this a...

Liquid metal batteries: past, present, and future.

A nanoporous metal recuperated MnO2 anode for lithium ion batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been intensively studied to meet the increased demands for the high energy density of portable electronics and electric vehicles. The low specific capacity of the conventional graphite based anodes is one of the key factors that limit the capacity of LIBs. Transition metal oxides, such as NiO, MnO2 and Fe3O4, are known to be promising anode materials that are e...

Investigations of Drop Detachment Control in Gas Metal Arc Welding

Power input to the arc in gas metal arc welding controls both the metal transfer process and the base-plate heating process. It would be advantageous to decouple these processes. Methods to achieve this decoupling are discussed. Pulsed-power welding is widely used, but only decoupling can be achieved. More complete decoupling may be obtained by using independent power inputs to the system. Seve...